ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN SONG LYRIC

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ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN SONG LYRIC

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ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN SONG LYRIC

Dwi Indra Aprilliandari1, Prasetyawan Aji Sugiharto2

1Universitas Muhammadiyah Bangka Belitung,
2Universitas Muhammadiyah Kendal Batang

E-mail:
[email protected]
2 [email protected]



Abstract

Figurative language uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal meaning. Figurative language is produced in our daily conversation and often found in literary works, such as poems, novels, even a song lyric. However, the reader or the listener sometimes will misinterpret of the certain meaning of literary works because it does not deliver the real meaning.
This paper aims to find out the types and functions of figurative language in a song lyric. The writer used a song entitled When We Were Young by Adele because the writers found some types of figurative lan-guage in the lyric.
The writers also used descriptive qualitative reasecrh to conduct the data. The result showed that there are some types of figurative lan-guage found in Adele’s song entitled When We were Young. The types of figurative language are simile and hyperbole. Simile appears six times and hyperbole also appears six times.

Keyword: figurative language, song lyric, linguistics











Introduction

Language is a communication tool among people that is used to convey a cer-tain purpose and purpose. The language used must be clear so that there is no misun-derstanding between humans. According to Haviland (1993), language is a set of sounds that, when combined according to rules, can developed for effective that can be understood by anyone speaking in that language. According to Owen (2006), lan-guage is a conventional method for transmitting concepts by combining all symbols that are ordered and have a condition. Wibowo (2001:3) argues that language is a combination of meaningful symbols and articulate sounds (produced by said tool) that are arbitrary and conventional, utilized by a group of persons to communicate their feelings and thoughts. The writers can be draw a conclusion that lan¬guage is a tool for interaction or communication between humans that serves to express a feeling or idea that is formed from the speech tool. Language is a symbol of meaningful sound.
A song is a musical composition with at least one melody, a vocal line, and words, usually following one of several culturally specific repetitive structures (e.g., verse-chorus; verse-refrain; verse-chorus-bridge), Burt and Lewin 2020. Researchers can conclude that the song is a mixed art work between sound art & poetic language art, the language is short & there is a rhythm using a coherent voice & the selection of figurative terms (imaginative) & involves the melody & the singer's voice.
Figurative language is language that uses figures of speech. A figure of speech is a way of saying something other than the literal meaning of the world. Figure of speech maybe said to occur whenever a speaker or writer, for the sake of freshness or emphasis, departs from the usual deno¬tations of words (Kennedy, 1987)
Figurative language Is the use of words in a non-traditional order and meaning to convey a complex meaning, colorful writing, clarity, or evocative contrast. It uses a common language to allude to something without explicitly declaring it. Reading the Management Discussion and Anal¬ysis (MD&A) requires an understanding of figura-tive language, as management may employ a metaphor to help explain complicated subjects or the company's direction.
According to Risdianto (2011: 33) states that figurative language is wording that makes explicit comparisons between unlike things using figures of speech such as metaphors and similes. Figurative lan¬guage is an essential certain type of writing to help convey meaning and expression. It is necessary to convey the exact meaning in a vivid and artistic manner, yet a concise and to the point manner to your reader. The writer has a story to tell, and the language used must portray every emotion and feel-ings possible on the paper. Figurative language is very common in poetry but also used in prose and nonfiction writing as well.
Most song lyrics use figurative language to attract listeners, make the song more pleasant and easy to listen to, or convey meaning in dramatic language. It adds more excitement and drama to a lyric when it comes to figurative language and the writing than literal language, which employs words to allude to facts. The researchers were interested to raise a discussion about figurative language deeply. Furthermore, it is intersting to dig more and comprehend figurative language through songs lyric. Adele's song entitled When We Were Young was chosen as the object to analyze the use of figurative language and its implied meaning of the sentence. Also the researchers were trying to figure out the use of each type of figurative language in the song lyric.


This study employed descriptive qualitative methods. The words are common-ly used in qualitative data analysis. According to Sugiyono (2016:9), a descriptive qualitative method is a research method based on the philosophy of postpositivist used to examine the condition of natural objects (rather than experimentation), where the researcher is the key instrument of data collection techniques carried out by trigu-lation (combined), data analysis is inductive/qualitative, and qualitative research re-sults emphasize meaning rather than generalization.
According to Sadowski (2000), as stated in Nursolihat & Kareviati (2020), descriptive qualitative research is distinct from other types of qualitative research since the focus is descriptive rather than interpretive. Because it focuses on the study's data, it usually results in a complete overview. The phrase "When we were young" Adele's new album The researcher examined the song lyrics for figurative lan-guage and its meaning.
The study focused on the figurative language used in Adele's song "When we were young." The song's lyric was downloaded on the internet. Following the discov-ery of figurative language in the song, the next step is to investigate the context of each figurative language.

Result and Discussion
Table 1. Figurative Language Found
Figurative language Lyric
Simile 1. Cause you feel like home
2. Your like a dream come true
3. You look like a movie
4. You’re sound like a song
5. It was just like a movie
6. It was just like a song
Hyperbole 1. Everybody loves the things you do
2. Everybody here is watching you
3. I was so scared to face my fears
4. Is hard to win me back
5. Everything just take me back
6. And a part of me keeps holding on


The researcher finds that there are two figurative languages in the lyrics of the song When We Were Young by Adele, namely hyperbole and simile, each of which consists of 6 lyrics. In Table 1, you can see how the grenade song uses figurative lan-guage:
a. Simile
A comparison may be a figure of discourse that compares two not at all like things and em¬ployments the words “like” or “as” and they are commonly utilized in ordinary communications. An analogy is utilized with the aim of starting a curiously association within the reader’s intellect. In this song, there are several similes, such us:
1. Cause you feel like home
This word is included in the simile because it has one of the characteris-tics of this figure of speech. This lyric means that the person in question makes other people around him feel comfortable.
2. Your like a dream come true
This word is included in the simile because it has one of the characteris-tics of this figure of speech. This lyric means that the person in question is the person who has been waiting for a long time.
3. You look like a movie
This word is included in the simile because it has one of the character-istics of this figure of speech. This lyric means that the person in question is the center of people's attention.
4. You're sound like a song
This word is included in the simile because it has one of the character-istics of this figure of speech. This lyric means that the person in question has a melodious voice.
5. It was just like a movie
This word is included in the simile because it has one of the character-istics of this figure of speech. This lyric means that the person in question at-tracts the attention of the crowd.
6. It was just like a song
This word is included in the simile because it has one of the character-istics of this figure of speech. This lyric means that the person in question has a melodious voice.
b. Hyperbole
Hyperbole is a misrepresentation that's made a point or bring out a sense of humor. It is frequently utilized in regular discussions without the speaker taking note it. The embellish¬ment is so over the top that no one would accept that it is genuine. It is uti¬lized to include profundity and color to an explanation.
As explained above, hyperbole is a figurative language which means that a figurative word is excessive.
1. Everybody loves the things you do
The word everybody is hyperbole because not everyone thinks about it.
2. Everybody here is watching you
Everybody here is a hyperbole because not everyone pays attention to it.
3. I was so scared to face my fears
In this sentence it is a hyperbole because what is feared does not necessari-ly happen.
4. It's hard to win me back.
In this sentence it is a hyperbole because it is not necessarily the person in question who wants him back.
5. Everything just takes me back.
In this sentence it is a hyperbole because he recalls the old times when he was with her.
6. And a part of me keeps holding on.
In this sentence it is a hyperbole because he still has memories of being with him.

Conclusion
The song serves as encouragement and as a channel of emotion. There are some specific feelings when it comes with a song. The feeling can be a representative of someone conditions. Moreover, the meaning of from lyrics were related to them. Song lyric consists a lot of implicit meaning which beacome an interesting to analyze and figurative language can be a dicipline to reveal or deliver a specific meaning. Fig-urative language, as management may employ a metaphor to help explain complicated subjects or the company's direction. There are six figures of speech discussed, namely Simile, metaphor, Hyperbole, Personification, Synecdoche, and Onomatopoeia. How-ever, the figurative language that found in song entitle When We Were Young by Adele were only two namely simile and hyperbole.. Where each figure of speech con-sists of six lyrics.






Reference

Haviland, W. A. (1993). New World Archaeology and Culture History: Col-lected Essays and Articles.
Kennedy, X. J. (1987). Instructor's Manual to Accompany XJ Kennedy's Lit-erature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama. Little, Brown.
Keraf, B. (2005). Learning Second Language. Mataram: NTP Press.
Nursolihat, S., & Kareviati, E. (2020). An analysis of figurative language used in the lyric of “a whole new world” by Zayn Malik and Zhavia Ward. Professional Journal of English Education, 3(4), 477-481.
Owen, A. J., & Leonard, L. B. (2006). The production of finite and nonfinite complement clauses by children with specific language impairment and their typically developing peers.
Risdianto, Faizal. 2011. Introduction to Literature. Yogyakarta: Trust Media Publishing.
Sugiyono. (2016). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. ALFABETA, cv.
Wibowo, Wahyu. 2001. Manajemen Bahasa. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Uta-ma.


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Dwi Indra Aprilliandari - Personal Name
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Kode Prodi PDDIKTI
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English
Penerbit : UNMUH BABEL.,
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371.3 DWI a
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